“Repeat after me: real estate provides the highest returns, the greatest values and the least risk.” — Armstrong Williams, entrepreneur
by Luke Schmaltz
As of February 25, 2020 — according to Forbes and WalletHub — Colorado had one of the lowest residential property tax rates in the nation — just 7.15% — third to only Hawaii and Alabama.
As of November 3, 2020 — according to some fiscal experts — that glowing statistic may gradually begin to fade.
An Uneven Keel
Consistent with the year’s underlying theme of division and disparity, the commercial tax rate sits at an inverse position at 29% — making the terrain for independent, small businesses especially rough, and increasingly so as Covid-19 looms on. Before the election and the ensuing repeal of the Gallagher Amendment, anyone keen on owning a home, as well as commercial property in Denver, was privy to staggeringly different tax bills — even if their residential property was right next door to that of their business.
In an election that was overwhelmingly characterized by close races and slim margins, Amendment B (repealing Gallagher) passed in a landslide vote of 57.4% to 42.6%. This means that the low property tax rates Colorado homeowners have enjoyed for decades will, according to opponents of the measure, begin to increase the tax burden homeowners are forced to bear — especially those in the urban middle-class sector.
Wide Appeal
For the uninformed, property taxes are collected in order to pay for local government services that benefit the immediate district. These include schools, fire departments, infrastructure, water, libraries, recreation and county road maintenance.
Tax Increase?: With Gallagher repealed, some say taxes will go up while others say they will not.
As all property owners quickly discover — residential and commercial alike — taxes are determined by complex formulas, dreaded by many and resented by all for their unrelenting consistency. In this election cycle, the convoluted nature of taxes seemed to have influenced the diverse interest in Amendment B vs. the Gallagher Amendment — perhaps the only refreshing thing about the issue in general.
Amendment B garnered a patchwork of varied bipartisan support, both for and against the measure. Proponents included former U.S. Senator Hank Brown (R), current Republican state senators Bob Rankin of Carbondale, and Don Coram of Montrose, current House Representative Daneya Esgar (D) and former Colorado Secretary of State Bernie Beusher (D). Naturally, the measure was opposed by the author of the Gallagher Amendment, former Senator and career public servant Dennis Gallagher (D) along with the right-leaning head of Colorado Rising Action, Michael Fields, as well as with former House Speaker Dickey Hullinghorst (D).
An Outdated Formula?
For nearly four decades, Colorado residential property owners have enjoyed consistent tax cuts supplied by the Gallagher Amendment which, until November 3, had rates locked in at 7.15%. The disparity here is stark, however, as commercial property owners were “stuck with the bill” as it were and foisted with tax rates consistently ringing in around 29%. Under Gallagher, residential taxes could only allot for 45% of the total tax base, with nonresidential properties such as retail businesses, factories and farmland making up the remaining 55%. As rising residential property values skyrocketed, the inherent complexity of the tax formula resulted in an unbalanced scale — with the heavy end tipping toward commercial property holders.
While this lopsided provision was great for homeowners in high-growth areas along the front range, owners in rural areas suffered — as their property values were not accruing at nearly the rate of their urban counterparts. Simply put, with Gallagher in place, the more the value of a property increased, the less percentage of tax the owner had to pay. With this protection removed by Amendment B, critics of the measure are predicting that residential property taxes will rise drastically. Meanwhile, supporters of the measure contend that removal of the Gallagher Amendment will leave current rates frozen in place — for now.
Too Much Too Soon?
The recently-televised Colorado Decides: Amendment B debate hosted by PBS 12 featured outspoken public figures weighing in on both sides. Representative Esgar (D) championed the effect a repeal would have on small businesses: “ … right now 20% of the taxpayer base (commercial property owners) are paying 55% of the tax [revenue]. These are small businesses … right now they are being hit the hardest … they want to know, right now, why they are paying four times what [the] residential property tax rate is …” Esgar explained further that leaving the Gallagher Amendment in place would result in commercial property taxes ballooning to up to five times that of the residential rates.
Meanwhile, in opposition to Amendment B, Michael Fields (Colorado Rising Action) explained that a statewide repeal is far too drastic, and rather, measures should be taken to amend the tax code in certain districts who are suffering from loss of revenue. In the aforementioned televised debate, Fields contents that: “ … a solution needs to be more regionally based or county based … I think that makes a lot more sense because there are areas of our state that are either less commercial property or their (residential) values aren’t going up as much …overall, this is a regional problem and there should be a regional solution.
Upwardly Mobile
As fate would have it, the Gallagher Amendment is no more. Without another policy in place, according to TABOR, residential property taxes will rise as the property values increase. So, as Denver renters have recently seen in vivid detail, this could mean yet another rent hike as landlords pass the overall cost of owning property onto their tenants.
The Gallagher Amendment was a major ballot issue in 1982 and again in 2020. It was designed to evenly spread the tax burden between residential and commercial properties.
While proponents of Amendment B downplay the severity of repealing the Gallagher Amendment, others like Fields are quick to point out the costly implications. An October 26, 2020, article published on coloradopolitics.com contends that a repeal leaves no protections in place for property owners. This means that — as required by TABOR — property taxes would increase to the tune of $203+ million and keep climbing — a fact that lawmakers like Daneya Esgar seem to have forgotten to disclose whilst selling this new piece of legislation to an uneducated and most likely distracted public.
Others contend that tax rates that are applied according to the rapid rise of property values, while being inconvenient for owners, can spell ample funds for public services — especially in rural and economically challenged areas. At any rate, the varied implications of how things may play out are a fitting reflection of the complex nature of property tax formulas. To find out what the repeal truly means (just like everything else this year) folks are going to have to just wait and see.
The year 2020 has brought a lot of misfortune to people all around the world, but John Larchick (JL) and his record label Time Stamp Records (TSR) have made good use of the time of solitude due to social distancing. Announcing the official start of the label on January 1, JL and his team have been busy in the lab making 2020 their year to emerge on the music scene with the release of their brand new music video and song Battle Royale.
“Battle Royale was an absolute gem to produce. I hate to say it, but my overgrown mustache may have taken the spotlight from even me on this one occasion. But honestly, from the beginning of the song’s inception, everything just started falling into place. From the creation of the beat and the vocal writing, down to the video concept and execution. It all just felt right. Those are the types of workflow that we as artists are searching for when we create,” stated JL, Owner and Producer of Time Stamp Records.
TSR, a childhood dream of JL’s, is a new indie record label out of Aurora/Metro Denver, Colorado. Time Stamp Records produces music and film. They also distribute and cultivate quality art, merchandise and music for film, radio, live events and television. And they have big plans for the future.
“Owning my own label has been a lifelong dream,” stated JL.
JL has been involved in the music industry from a very young age. At 17, he and his high school band, Reverend Orange Peel, sold out the Bluebird Theatre and earned the opportunity to play at the Ogden Theatre for New Year’s eve that same year. Both venues are icons in Denver. Ever since then he knew he had the knack for it and wanted a career in music.
“It wasn’t always glorious venues and big gigs though,” stated JL.
After high school, the band naturally dispersed to various colleges resulting in the dismantling of Reverend Orange Peel. “But I was still set on my musical quest. I was writing the music, learning to play instruments, and honing my craft virtually every waking moment. I started learning how to navigate all the facets of the ever-changing music industry. Everything from working with band members, writing songs, recording, booking, marketing to tours, videos, press releases, radio interviews and so much more.”
JL is no stranger to touring and has diligently booked gigs at countless venues across Colorado and surrounding states. “I’m super grateful for all of my past, present and future experiences, from the coffee shop gigs with no sound system to Boulder’s famous Fox Theatre. It’s my experiences as a musician and recording engineer that set me and this record label apart from others”.
JL has gone on numerous tours, occasionally accompanying some very notable artists. He has performed with acts such as Guru from Jazzmatazz, Fat Joe, Wu-Tang Clan, Ol Dirty Bastard, Pepper, the Pharcyde, Devin the Dude and others.
In addition, JL is the owner of a professional recording studio (Green Room Studios), the lead vocalist for JL Universe, a songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and a record producer. JL has released four albums and has helped a few fellow artists release albums of their own. His drive and motivation come from his love for music and the desire to create amazing art. He wants to encompass everything in the industry and assist other aspiring artists to reach their goals. Cultivating Time Stamp Records into a renowned success for all the artists signed under the label is where his sights are now set.
“Running this label, to me, it’s a really big responsibility and it’s a big honor. To be able to provide a service and to be able to put out people’s truths,” said JL. “Music and art are so personal and there are so many really dope artists that don’t get a chance to have a sounding board, to have somebody there to ricochet ideas and concepts, and grow a plan. That is what I am focused on when we sign artists. We are helping the artists generate their vision and then really feed that vision so it can grow and blossom into something bigger.”
JL is drawn to music that resonates with him, as opposed to claiming loyalty to a specific genre of music. He listens to and supports everything from electronic to funk to hip-hop to country. He has a hard time fitting Time Stamp Records into a specific category because he works with artists from across the board. When considering an artist for the label, JL really focuses on the quality of character and integrity presented in their work. He values artists with great work ethic, clarity, and dedication to their craft. He values artists with ambition and a drive to create something amazing for the world. Because of his familiarity with the industry, JL has a keen eye for the foundation required to establish a successful musical career.
“My goal is to become the record label that I always needed as an artist. To create a space and platform for artists and projects to fully develop. I have built, and I am still building, the frameworks and no one style or artist’s journey will be the same, but the process to get to our goals are similar,” said JL. “TSR is here to assist in that self-discovery and execution of plans. My dream is to make art that transforms time and space and that stamps the moment we are living in through expression and human connection. The end goal is to make creations that resonate, fulfill dreams and win Grammys.”
Sometimes all an artist needs is someone to give them a little nudge or to point them in the right direction for success. They can be filled with talent and musical genius, while struggling with the skill of getting noticed and releasing their art. They need a mentor or a leader. And that is precisely what JL and Time Stamp Records is. TSR is paving the way for musicians. He guides them on the path toward achievement. That way, everyone wins. In November, TSR plans to announce a statewide contest which is calling on artists to submit their work for the chance to win a single produced and released by TSR along with other great prizes.
Time Stamp Record’s song and video, Battle Royale was quickly followed by JL’s second single release of 2020, The Other Side. The single is paired with a creative and thought-provoking video and the song is seeing great success in just the first few days of release. In addition, JL Universe has several queued singles ready for release later this year and into 2021.
To listen to JL’s work and to follow JL Universe, Time Stamp Records or Green Room Studios (Colorado), search and find them on Facebook and Instagram. You can also find JL Universe’s video and single — Battle Royale on all digital streaming platforms like Spotify, Apple Music and Youtube.
Time Stamp Records’ long anticipated website has been revamped and reintroduced in an easy to use and enlightening format. Plus, the brand-new winter line of TSR merchandise will be available in November and contains fabulous new clothing styles.
For more news and exclusive music, art and culture, follow TSR on all social media platforms and sign up on the mailing list at www.timestamprecords.com. New artists, new songs, new videos, new merch, new inspirations and new beginnings are all happening, right now, at Time Stamp Records.
Multiple Sites Finishing Up But Only A Couple Commencing; Stunning Newly Built Structures Opening In The District For Fall
by Glen Richardson
Reshaping Cherry Creek: Holiday shoppers-visitors in the district will be greeted by this new mixed-use retail-office building on the corner of 3rd. Ave. & Josephine. The structure is a standout as most new buildings are far from futuristic.
The pandemic and a weakening economy find Cherry Creek’s construction sites still turning shovels and swinging hammers, but the pace has slowed and few new projects are expected to sprout up. Following eight straight years of new construction, owners, developers, contractors, subcontractors and the supply chain are feeling the shock.
Normally it’s rare for district developers-builders to slow down construction activity. But these aren’t normal times, and the pandemic economy has given rise to a noticeable work cutback. The structure of demand is changing: Fewer hotels are being proposed due to less business-leisure travel. Online shopping is shrinking the demand for retail space and the need for offices is slowing because of remote working.
Multiple projects are finishing up in Cherry Creek plus a couple have commenced construction. Residents and district shoppers can expect those projects to be completed. It is new projects that have been proposed in the district that are likely to see terminations of parties or entire projects. Given the hotel outlook, the AC Marriott in Cherry Creek is likely to be delayed or the site could go up for resale. The Sunridge Hotel Group project is proposed for seven-stories, 150-rooms.
Westside Wait
Redevelopment of Cherry Creek’s west end has been the slowest to take off. Completion of the 260 North office-retail project at Josephine St. and East 3rd Ave. and makeover of the former Inn at Cherry Creek opening as The Clayton at 233 Clayton St. in March of 2021 are notable exceptions.
New Excavation: Despite Cherry Creek’s construction cutback, dirt work is underway at this 240 Saint Paul site. Building will be anchored across the first three floors by an Equinox Fitness Club.
Broe Real Estate Group which owns the bulk of the east side of Clayton St. announced a year ago it would demolish several structures to make way for two new office buildings. Existing two-story structures at 200 and 210 Clayton are to be replaced with an eight-story office building with ground-floor retail. The adjacent four-story building it owns at 216 Clayton would remain but the two-story parking garage to the north would be replaced with a seven-story office building and ground-floor retail. Broe’s headquarters is at 252 Clayton and the firm has deep pockets. Thus the massive project will likely come to fruition but demolition isn’t expected to begin until next year with completion two-five years away.
The promised Clayton Lane Investors redevelopment of the west end of Cherry Creek between 1st and 2nd Ave. from Josephine to Detroit St. is in limbo again. The Invesco Real Estate-Broomfield partnership project isn’t likely to break ground in the next 12-14 month. Completion that would include demolishing the former Sears store that has been vacant since 2015 isn’t likely in the next several years. Should the venture be terminated look for the Nichols Partnership — Clayton Lane’s original developer — who just bought back a portion of the Whole Foods Garage for $6 million — to take over the project.
Boundary-Pushing: The just completed UC Health Cherry Creek has opened along East 1st Ave. Sleek all-glass structure creates a new footprint on the eastside as the surrounding buildings are heavy with earth tones and masonry.
New For Fall
Newly completed projects scattered through the fashionable neighborhood are beginning to open for fall. The project known as 260 North has finally opened, creating the west end’s first high-end, mixed-use space. Situated adjacent to the BMC built MOXY and Halcyon Hotels — the only other new westside structures — it is a compelling building with a stepped-up design. Located on the corner of 3rd and Josephine streets, it adds office, retail and parking space while allowing daylight into the streetscape.
On the east end, the just completed modernistic 88,000-sq.-ft. UC Health Cherry Creek has opened. With an all-glass façade, it stands out alone on East 1st Ave. as most of the surrounding buildings are heavy with earth tones and masonry. The health center offers primary care, state of the art imaging, a surgery center and comprehensive oncology treatment.
Over in the Cherry Creek Triangle, two major multi-family projects are also open. Between the step down, brickwork and landscaping, Gables Cherry Creek II helps reduce the harshness of East Alameda Ave. Gables Vista, rising 12-stories, is one of the tallest in the triangle. All together the three Gables projects have added 579 homes in the district.
On The Rise
Two projects, both BMC developments, are currently under construction in the district. Newest is the 240 Saint Paul project to be anchored across the first three floors by the Equinox Fitness Club. Most of the office space is pre-leased and at last report half of the 12,000-sq.-ft. of retail space had been rented. Construction is anticipated to take at least 14 months, with completion in summer-early fall of next year.
Urban Lifestyle: Gables Cherry Creek II in the Cherry Creek Triangle offers a walkable urban lifestyle with enhanced amenities. Step down brickwork and landscaping reduces the harshness of East Alameda Ave.
Renamed The Clayton, Matt Joblon signed a 99-year ground lease on the 233 Clayton St. property in the fall of 2017. Since renovation started a year ago, BMC is spending $30 million to add onto the property that’s expected to open next March.
What will make the project unique in Cherry Creek is Joblon’s goal to create a “real culture center.” In addition to 37 hotel rooms, the six-story building will feature 12,000-sq.-ft. of “hip retail” on the ground-floor plus scores of music, culinary and art venues for entertainment, exploration and enjoyment.
Projects On Horizon
Despite the district’s construction slowdown, there are several new projects on the horizon in Cherry Creek. They range from office buildings to apartment complexes, two potential hotels plus an independent living community for seniors.
More Glass: Construction could soon get underway on this proposed glass structure at 2nd Ave. & Adams. Retail-office site would extend the existing stretch of retail on East 2nd Ave further east.
Most likely to begin construction is the 2nd Ave. & Adams project where a two-story office building and a single-family home have already been cleared. Purchased by Blair Richardson, the 0.29-acre site would feature an all-glass building with ground floor retail plus four levels of office space. When it is developed it will extend the existing stretch of retail on East 2nd Ave. further east.
Due to the project’s nature, a proposed seven-story, 136-unit senior living project could also break ground next year. Named Solterra Senior Living, the site is near the intersection of Alameda Ave. and Colorado Blvd. A self-service car wash was recently demolished at the site to make way for the project. The infill site at 235 Fillmore that has set vacant for several years has been purchased by BMC, making development more likely. An office building with ground-floor retail is proposed.
(BPT) – Before COVID-19, you probably didn’t put much thought into washing your hands. A bit of soap and a quick lather seemed adequate. Now, hand washing is center stage as a main step to fight the spread of the virus and help people of all ages stay healthy.
Regular hand washing is one of the best ways to remove germs, avoid getting sick and prevent the spread of germs to others, according to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This not only helps with the COVID-19 virus, but also helps protect you from other viruses, such as cold and flu germs.
COVID-19 is efficiently killed with soap and water, which is why the CDC recommends scrubbing your hands several times a day. However, parents and caregivers may struggle with getting their kids to wash their hands the right way. From impatient toddlers to distracted teens, hand washing may not be happening correctly.
To help your family wash their hands the right way and have fun while doing it, the health experts from Colgate offer some simple steps to consider:
Step 1: Have a family meeting
Talking about hand washing casually won’t make a lasting impression. Hand washing is important, especially during the pandemic, so give it the attention it needs by calling a family meeting. Talk about how hand washing kills germs and stay positive, saying how your family wants to be a part of the solution in preventing the spread of COVID-19.
Step 2: Discuss proper hand washing
Proper hand washing is simple once you know how to do it. First, wet hands with clean water. Apply soap and scrub the entire hand for at least 20 seconds, including between the fingers. Finally, rinse and air dry or use a clean towel. Availability of soap and washing correctly is essential. That’s why Colgate is donating 1.4 million bar soaps distributed in the U.S. as part of the #SafeHands challenge, featuring instructions for effective hand washing. The bar soaps, along with other health and hygiene products like toothbrushes, toothpaste, and body wash, will be delivered to food banks and school lunch programs nationwide via Colgate’s trademark Bright Smiles, Bright Futures mobile dental vans. In total, Colgate’s product donations across the country is valued at over $8MM.
Step 3: Make it fun
What’s typically the hardest part of proper hand washing is the length of time. To make hand washing fun, sing a tune for that length of time. For example, sing “Happy Birthday” twice to hit the mark. Or, customize a favorite nursery song and sing it for that length. To the tune of “Row your boat” sing: “Wash, wash, wash your hands. Wash them every day! Scrub with soap, rinse it down, wash those germs away!”
Step 4: Praise and rewards
Make hand washing a part of children’s responsibilities, much how they are expected to make their bed and read daily. You may want to add posters and other reminders to help the family remember the importance of hand washing. Remember, positive reinforcement and recognizing a job well done goes much further than scolding when stressing new habits. You may even decide to set up a rewards program; for instance, young children get a sticker every time they wash their hands.
Mixed race woman washing her hands
Step 5: Be a role model
When encouraging your family to adopt healthy habits, it’s best to lead by example. Wash your hands regularly using the correct procedures. Sing loud and proud so people know you’re doing it for 20 seconds. Show it’s a priority for you so your family knows it should be a priority for them.
For more information on Colgate’s support of the #SafeHands Challenge and their global impact of donation more than 25 million products globally, visit ColgatePalmolive.com.
Regular handwashing is one of the best ways to remove germs, avoid getting sick, and prevent the spread of germs to others.
Jayson Penn Indicted By Federal Grand Jury In Denver; Feds Find A Chicken Conspiracy At Greeley-Based Firm
by Glen Richardson
A federal grand jury in Denver has indicted Jayson Penn, the CEO of Greeley-based Pilgrim’s Pride, and three other current or former chicken industry executives for price fixing. The grand jury in U.S. District Court here indicted all four with one count of conspiring to fix prices for broiler chickens from at least 2012 through 2017. A trial is scheduled to begin this month (August).
Scratching Out A Living: Headquarters of the second-largest U.S. chicken company Pilgrim’s Pride is in Greeley. The entrance includes a bust of founder Lonnie “Bo” Pilgrim. The firm reported annual revenue last year (2019) of $11.41 billion.
The indictments came after grocers, retailers and consumers accused Pilgrim’s Pride, Tyson Foods Inc., and other poultry processors in a lawsuit of conspiring since 2008 to inflate prices for broiler chickens. Fabio Sandrio, chief financial officer, is serving as interim president and CEO.
The other executives allegedly involved in the scheme include former Pilgrim’s Pride vice president Roger Austin, Claxton Poultry Farms President Mikell Fries, and Scott Brady, a former Pilgrim’s Price executive who joined Claxton in 2012. Pilgrim’s Pride supplies chicken for Costco and Yum Brands’ KFC, while Claxton is a supplier for Chick-fil-A.
$11.4 Billion Income
Pilgrim’s Pride is the second-largest U.S. chicken company, with reported annual revenue last year (2019) of $11.41 billion. It is majority-owned by Brazilian meat giant JBS. Tyson Foods Inc. — the largest U.S. poultry processor by sales — meanwhile says it is cooperating in the Justice Department’s probe into the matter, under a leniency program that will let Tyson avoid criminal prosecution.
Penn pleaded not guilty to the federal charges, while a judge barred him from contacting poultry buyers allegedly victimized by the scheme. He also agreed to surrender his passport and not leave the country.
U.S. Magistrate Judge Kristen Mix said at the hearing that Mr. Penn can remain free on personal recognizance, and can travel. She imposed conditions on his actions while he awaits trial, most notably that he can’t contact employees of eight companies that are customers of Pilgrim’s and are alleged victims of price-fixing by Mr. Penn and co-conspirators. The Judge also said Mr. Penn couldn’t contact price negotiators at other chicken suppliers who allegedly participated in the price fixing.
Penn On Paid Leave
Jayson Penn joined Pilgrim’s in March of 2011 as Senior Vice President of the Commercial Business Group. He moved up to President of Pilgrim’s USA in 2017 and was promoted to President-CEO in March of 2019.
Indicted CEO: Jayson Penn, the CEO of Greeley-based Pilgrim’s Pride, has been placed on paid leave following pleading not guilty to the federal charge.
Pilgrim’s Board placed Penn on leave with pay following the hearing. He makes $4,418,340 as President-CEO at Pilgrim’s Pride.
“The Board takes the recent allegations very seriously and believes it is in the best interest of both Jayson and the company that he is given the opportunity to focus on his legal defense at this time,” Board Chairman Gilberto Tomazoni said in a statement.
Ruffled Feathers
“After years of talk, the feds finally pounced,” observe legal experts familiar with how the Department of Justice executes prosecutions of business organizations. They say it is one of the stranger examples of alleged market-rigging in a long history of cases, made more unusual in that the chief executive of a company that big is actually facing criminal charges and as many as 10 years in prison. The maximum fine may be increased to twice the gain derived from the crime or twice the loss suffered by victims if either amount is greater than $1 million, according to the Department of Justice.
Chicken House Pride: Founder Bo Pilgrim, at right, performed in ads dressed in pilgrim garb with a pet chicken named “Henrietta.” His Texas mansion was nicknamed “Cluckingham Palace” by neighbors. He sold the company to JBS in 2009 and it was moved to Greeley.
The charges the U.S. Justice Department laid out in its indictment appear to document executives at competing companies colluding to share pricing and bidding information from 2012 through 2017 in the cut-throat world of commodity chicken. Makan Delrahim, the head of the government’s antitrust division, said in a statement: “Executives who cheat American consumers, restaurateurs, and grocers, and compromise the integrity of our food supply, will be held responsible for their actions.”
Vertically integrated, Pilgrim’s Pride is involved in breeding, hatching, raising, processing and distributing chicken. The company produces some 11 billion pounds of chicken products annually and serves more than 6,000 retail food outlets, distributors and food service operators.
Chicken Feed Start
Pilgrim’s Pride traces its roots to Pittsburg, Texas, where Lonnie Alfred “Bo” Pilgrim opened a chicken feed store in 1946 with his older brother, Aubrey. They grew the fledgling company by handing out free chicks along with purchased bags of feed sold to customers.
Bo Pilgrim would often dress in pilgrim garb, complete with a pet chicken named “Henrietta,” to perform in advertisements. The extravagant Texas mansion where he lived was dubbed “Cluckingham Palace.” Set on 43 acres, it had 10 bathrooms, an indoor pool, cinema and gymnasium.
He sold the international poultry operation to Brazilian company JBS in 2009, and its headquarters was moved to Greeley. He died in 2017 at age 89.
Out of everything that’s been lost over the past few months, one of the few things that won’t be lamented is the brown cloud of pollution hanging over Denver like a giant swarm of gnats.
Composting is a clear, logical way to reverse global warming on an individual scale.
As the city reopens, the brown cloud will return, but if you happened to go outside and glance upward anytime in late March, April or May 2020, you were probably shocked at how blue the sky actually is — even over a large city. In early April, The Denver Post reported an 80% decrease in sulfur oxide in the downtown area and up to 50% reduction of particulates such as nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide compared to data from the same time in 2019.
Although the shutdown briefly reduced carbon emissions at home and across the globe, the respite is not nearly enough to reverse 200+ years of industrialization. If a significant reversal of global warming is to occur, everyone has to do their part. This does not mean you have to wear hemp sandals and ride a bamboo bicycle to work. You can actually help the planet out by doing less, that is, when it comes to throwing away grass clippings, dead tree branches and other detritus generated from landscaping and routine yardwork.
The Basics
But first, for those who may yet be unaware, the combustion of fossil fuel in automobiles, industrial machinery and farming equipment along with other agricultural activities releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, energy-related CO2 emissions across the globe are projected to increase from 32 billion metric tons in 2016 to 35 billion by the end of 2020. This atmospheric carbon, combined with methane, sulfur oxide, nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide make up what are known as “greenhouse gasses.” The greenhouse effect occurs as these gasses allow sunlight to pass into the atmosphere, yet they do not allow heat from the planet to radiate into space. The result is global warming, which if allowed to continue, can have devastating effects on human populations worldwide — especially in coastal areas.
Carbon emissions from here can be reduced from the same place, one yard at a time.
Make The Yard Work
While the population as a whole might be able to reduce how much they travel via automobile, bus and airplane, curtailing the use of fossil fuels is not enough to reverse global warming. As an individual, however, you can lessen your carbon footprint by decreasing the amount of atmospheric carbon that originates from your front and back yard. Activities once deemed as essential must be reexamined through a CO2-awareness lens. Upending the soil for gardens, incessant cutting of grass, trimming of hedges and pruning of trees all release carbon in one form or another. Tilling and digging opens up the topsoil — and the escaping carbon mixes with the ever-present atmospheric oxygen and becomes CO2. Meanwhile, organic material in the form of grass clippings, hedge trimmings and tree twigs that gets hauled off to the landfill generates methane as it decomposes.
A Novel Approach
The brown cloud was lifted, but global warming is bigger than a brief shutdown.
Carbon sequestration is the process of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it through either biological or geological means. Plant life on your property is already doing this, all you have to do is to not interrupt the process with traditional yard maintenance protocols. Instead, you can leave dirt and soil undisturbed by growing flowers, plants and vegetables in raised garden beds. This leaves the soil intact while producing more oxygen and more plant material to reintroduce back into the ground. When you mow the lawn, prune trees, pull weeds and trim shrubbery you can take the trapped carbon in this “yard waste” and sequester it by breaking it down into small pieces (use a wood chipper for branches and twigs) and integrating it back into the soil through a deliberate process.
Composting Yard Waste
1.Air, water, nitrogen and carbon are the four essentials for compost. Nitrogen is supplied in the form of organic kitchen waste and green grass clippings. Carbon is just about anything organic that is brown such as pine needles, dry leaves, grass clippings, hay and sawdust as well as shredded paper and cardboard. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C:N) should be anywhere from 25:1 to 40:1 — which basically means material that is drier than fresh waste.
2.Choose a space that is approximately a cubic yard in dimension (3x3x3) and that is removed from high traffic pathways and living quarters. To partition off the area, you can use old wooden shipping pallets, hay bales, chicken wire or anything similar you have sitting around.
3.Next, build your compost pile keeping C:N ratios in mind. Be sure to place food scraps beneath pine needles, leaves, dry grass, etc. in order to keep odors down and insects and rodents away. Next, wet the pile and then simply allow worms, microorganisms, bacteria and fungi to break down the material. You can add air by poking the pile with a pitchfork or a rake or by turning it every few days with a shovel. Add a small amount of water every few days to keep the breakdown agents moist, and when you add more to the pile be sure to integrate the new material in with the old.
4.Once your compost is dark brown with an earthy texture, it can be added to your raised beds, placed at the base of trees and shrubs and sprinkled about the lawn. Composting can save you money on fertilizer, generate less waste that needs to be hauled away by a fossil fuel-burning engine and help yield lush plants and trees. Basically, to do your part for the planet, keep the carbon in the yard.
